|
In the 1830’s a number of the leases on the estates of the London Companies across the rural part of the county came to an end, and, rather than let them again, many of the Companies took a direct interest. A period of enhancement followed with Companies competing with each other, to improve conditions and create the most beautiful village (all in the Georgian style- though churches were often built in a classicised Gothic), the Fishmongers invested in Ballykelly, the Grocers in Eglinton, the Drapers in Moneymore and Draperstown, and, in this area, the Mercers invested in Kilrea . They rebuilt many of the town’s buildings, including churches, and improved its roads. Much of that elegance remains today. The Companies continued to manage their estates until selling them under land laws enacted at the end of the century.
0 Comments
The Market Yard in Coleraine was constructed in 1829 to the same classical rules as buildings constructed 70 years earlier. The well proportioned elements of the entrance were carefully laid out with the scale of the window recesses increased in size to harmonise with the central opening. It reflected a continuity in society with understood norms, hierarchies and relationships.
However, the preceding 50 years had been turbulent ones. The rational approach to architecture was a symptom of a general rational approach to thought, science, and religion. The Enlightenment, as it was termed, led to a questioning of old ways and the development of science. The American Revolution from 1765 was based upon similar ideas, as was the French Revolution of 1789. In 1798 the United Irishmen Rebellion erupted in this island with Presbyterians, (many of who had close links to America - 6 Scots Irish were included the 56 people who signed the Declaration of Independence) very much to the fore in Ulster. The aim of the rebellion was full independence for the Irish Parliament, the establishment of a republic, (as in America and France), and equal rights for all men including Catholics. The main focus of the rebellion in Ulster was in counties Antrim and Down, and preparations in the Coleraine area appear to have been infiltrated before the rising, but there were incidents in nearby Toome, Maghera, Ballymena and Ballymoney. The response from the authorities was to crush the rebellion and then to instigate the Act of Union where the Irish and British Parliaments voted to join the Kingdoms of Great Britain and of Ireland into a single political entity; 'The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland'. All had changed but the outward nature of society and its architecture remained the same. In the eighteenth century the Georgian Style of architecture was also adopted by aspiring farmers, clerics and small business men. Some older buildings were adapted to the new approach. A good example of this in the Coleraine area is the Hasslet House in Castlerock were a seventeenth century building was 'Georgianised' by the insertion of a fanlight over the door and the insertion of large tripartite sash windows.
Downhill was heavily influenced by recent artistic ideas of ‘the sublime’ - the contrast of man and nature- and this was no more apparent in the location of its library – the Mussenden Temple - which was built to strict classical rules on top of the nearby cliff. On on its frieze is carve the following motto: ‘SAUVE MARI MAGNO TURBANTIBUS AEQUORA VENTIS’ – ‘Tis pleasant to watch from land the great struggling of others when winds whip up the waves on a mighty sea’.
The finest piece of architecture of the period in this area was Downhill House built by the Earl Bishop, James Hervey. Bishop of Derry and Earcl of Bristol between 1775 and 1785. Hervey was a very rich man who travelled extensively on the Continent and invested heavily in his lands as well as in his diocese. Downhill was built on church land in a dramatic cliff top location. No expense was spared as its grand entrance gate – ‘the lions’ gate’ of 1780 attests.
In the eighteenth century there were also houses built as summer residences along the coast of this area. The most important of these was Seaport Lodge in Portballintrae. This was built by James Leslie of Leslie Hill a large estate near Ballymoney around 1770. it makes an elegant, classical contrast in its white render to the wild green landscape surrounding the building.
|
Marks of Time
Sketches of buildings in the North West of Ireland and further afield with a little information about their history. Categories
All
Archives
April 2026
|
RSS Feed